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固態電容與液體電解電容的“利”與“弊”
作者:紅寶電容 來源:本站原創 日期:2020-07-15 11:06 瀏覽

  固態電容采用了高分子電介質,固態粒子在高溫下,無論是粒子澎漲或是活躍性均較液態電解液低,它的沸點也高達攝氏350度,因此幾乎不可能出現爆漿的可能性。從理論上來說,固態電容幾乎不可能爆漿。

  Polymer dielectric is used in solid state capacitor. At high temperature, the expansion and activity of solid particles are lower than that of liquid electrolyte, and its boiling point is as high as 350 ℃. Therefore, it is almost impossible to burst slurry. Theoretically, it is almost impossible for solid state capacitors to burst.

  液體電解電容的電介質為液態電解液,液態粒子在高溫下十分活躍,對電容內部產生壓力,它的沸點不是很高,因此可能會出現爆漿的情況。

  The dielectric of the liquid electrolytic capacitor is liquid electrolyte. The liquid particles are very active at high temperature, which produces pressure on the capacitor. Its boiling point is not very high, so the slurry may burst.

  固態電容在等效串聯阻抗表現上相比傳統電解電容有更優異的表現,據測試顯示,固態電容在高頻運作時等效串聯電阻極為微小,而且導電性頻率特佳,具有降低電阻抗和更低熱輸出的特色,在100KHz至10MHz之間表現最為明顯。

  Compared with the traditional electrolytic capacitor, the solid-state capacitor has better performance in the equivalent series impedance performance. According to the test results, the equivalent series resistance of the solid-state capacitor is very small in high-frequency operation, and the conductivity frequency is excellent. It has the characteristics of reducing the resistance and lower thermal output, which is most obvious between 100kHz and 10MHz.

電解電容.jpg

  ▲ 固態電容

  Solid state capacitor

  而傳統電解電容比較容易受使用環境的溫度和濕度影響,在高低溫穩定性方面稍差。即使是在零下攝氏55度至105度,固態電容的ESR(等效串聯電阻)阻抗可以低達0.004~0.005歐姆,但電解電容則會因溫度而改變。

  However, the traditional electrolytic capacitor is easy to be affected by the temperature and humidity of the environment, which is slightly poor in high and low temperature stability. The ESR (equivalent series resistance) impedance of solid-state capacitor can be as low as 0.004-0.005 ohm even at minus 55 ℃ to 105 ℃, but the electrolytic capacitor will change with temperature.

  ▲ 電解電容

  Electrolytic capacitor

  在電容值方面,液態電容在攝氏20度以下,將會比其標示的電容值為低,溫度越低電容值也會隨之而下降,在攝氏零下20度下電容量下降約13%、攝氏零下55度下電容量更達至37%。

  In terms of capacitance value, liquid capacitance below 20 ℃ will be lower than the indicated capacitance value. The lower the temperature is, the lower the capacitance value will be. The capacitance will decrease by about 13% at minus 20 ℃ and 37% at - 55 ℃.

  當然,這對普通用戶來說沒有什么影響,但對于采用液態氮作終極超頻的玩家來說,固態電容可保證不會因溫度降低而使電容容量上受到影響,從而導致超頻穩定性大打折扣,因為固態電容在零下55度其電容值只會下降不足5%。固態電容確實有很多優點,但它并不是任何時候都適用。

  Of course, this has no impact on ordinary users, but for players who use liquid nitrogen as the ultimate overclocking, the solid-state capacitor can ensure that the capacitance will not be affected by the temperature drop, which will greatly reduce the overclocking stability, because the capacitance value of the solid-state capacitor at 55 degrees below zero will only drop by less than 5%. Solid state capacitors do have many advantages, but they don't always work.

  固態電容的低頻響應不如電解電容,如果用于涉及到音效的部分會得不到最佳的音質效果。也就是說,一款主板采用全固態電容并不一定是最合理的!

  The low frequency response of solid-state capacitor is not as good as electrolytic capacitor. If it is used in the part involving sound effect, it will not get the best sound quality effect. In other words, a motherboard using all solid state capacitors is not necessarily the most reasonable!

固態電容.jpg

  不管是固態電容還是電解電容,它們的主要作用是濾除雜波,因此電容只要容量達到一定的數值要求即可,只要其元件質量過關,也能確保主板的穩定運行。而這一點,電解電容也完全能做到!

  No matter it is solid-state capacitor or electrolytic capacitor, their main function is to filter out the clutter. Therefore, as long as the capacity of the capacitor reaches a certain value requirement, as long as its component quality is up to standard, it can also ensure the stable operation of the main board. And this, electrolytic capacitor also can do completely!

  固態電容在105攝氏度的時候,它和電解電容的壽命同樣為2000小時,在溫度降低后,它們的壽命會增加,但是固態電容壽命增加的幅度更大,一般情況下電容的工作溫度在70度或更低。

  When the temperature is 105 ℃, the life of solid-state capacitor and electrolytic capacitor is the same as 2000 hours. When the temperature is reduced, their life will increase, but the life of solid-state capacitor will increase more. Generally, the working temperature of capacitor is 70 ℃ or lower.

  固態電容與電解電容相比,同體積同電壓下,電解電容的容量遠大于固態電容,目前電腦主板CPU電源部分大都采用固態電容,雖避免了爆漿問題,但由于體積限制,容量冗余很少;再者因容量問題,不得不提高CPU供電部分開關的頻率。

  Compared with electrolytic capacitor, the capacity of solid-state capacitor is much larger than that of solid-state capacitor under the same volume and voltage. At present, the CPU power supply of computer motherboard mostly adopts solid-state capacitor, which avoids the problem of slurry explosion, but due to the volume limitation, the capacity redundancy is very small; moreover, due to the capacity problem, the switching frequency of CPU power supply part has to be increased.

  固態電容和電解電容在使用過程中都會出現容量衰減問題,而采用固態電容的電路板,容量稍有波動,就會使電源出現波紋,造成CPU不能正常工作。因此,理論上固態電容的壽命很高,但采用固態電容的板子壽命就未必高。

  Both solid-state capacitor and electrolytic capacitor will have capacity attenuation problem in the use process. However, if the capacity of the circuit board with solid-state capacitor fluctuates slightly, the power supply will ripple and CPU will not work normally. Therefore, in theory, the lifetime of solid-state capacitor is very high, but the life of the board with solid-state capacitor is not necessarily high.

  理論上固態電容的壽命很高,但是在實際使用過程中仍然會出現很多故障,這就需要用戶在使用電容元件的過程中注意其控制工作環境的溫度,如果溫度過高或者過低都會影響電容的正常使用壽命。

  However, if the temperature of the capacitor is too low, it will affect the life of the capacitor.


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